No one knows the exact origins of the sliding sash window. Some credit the Dutch with its invention while others suggest that natural philosopher, architect and polymath Robert Hooke invented it in the 17th century. Yet others believe they are French with the word “sash” derived from the French word for frame, “chassis”.
Ham House, in Richmond, London, has one of the oldest examples of early sash windows which, at the time were constructed from three glass panes across by two up (called ‘three over three’), on each of sash and a window consisted of an upper, and lower sash (12 panes in total).
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Sash windows were very popular in England during the Georgian period (1714 to 1837) and during the Victorian period (1837 to 1901). More recently, they were also an important feature of Edwardian suburban houses.
The earliest sash windows slid horizontally but were replaced by vertical sliding sashes which used pegs and holes to adjust their height. It was only in the late 17th century that sash windows were made with the system of weights and pulleys that we recognise today.
Improvements in the way glass was made meant that by the middle of the Victorian period sash windows were being constructed using fewer panes with ‘four-over-four’ and ‘two-over-two’ windows becoming more and more common. Current designs can include as little as two large panes of glass, one for the top sash and one on the bottom.
By the turn of the 20th century sash windows had become the most common method of window construction in the UK.
However, their popularity was not to last.
By the start of World War One hinged casem*nt windows, (windows that opened out horizontally) began to become available and the popularity of sash windows declined.
This decline continued throughout the interwar years and after the second world war. It is only in recent years that we have seen an increase in the demand for sash windows.
Fashion played a part in the decline of the popularity of sash windows as they were seen as old fashioned. Another reason for their decline was the appearance of less expensive types of windows on the market.
Today, sash windows are seeing increased popularity again. There are a variety of reasons for this. Sash window are recognised as an iconic feature of Georgian and Victorian homes. Homes with period features like sash windows are sought after by home buyers Home-owners also recognise the immense amount of craftsmanship required to construct sash windows. Finally, home-owners making improvements to properties that are situated in conservation areas are mindful of the need for the sympathetic replacement of windows and doors in period homes.
FAQs
The oldest surviving examples of sash windows were installed in England in the 1670s, for example at Palace House, and Ham House. The invention of the sash window is sometimes credited, without conclusive evidence, to Robert Hooke. Others see the sash window as a Dutch invention.
How do I date a sash window? ›
There are several methods that will assist you in dating your sash windows. One is the profile on the sash, another is the glass, and the easiest dating method is the introduction of sash horns. These decorative fillets improved the strength of the mortice and tenon whilst adding to aesthetics of the window.
Why is a window sash called a sash? ›
Others claimed it to be of French origin, as the word 'sash' is derived from the French word 'chassis', meaning frame. However the French sash had not yet developed counter-balancing and so the sliding sash frame was held in place by a swivel block.
Are sash windows still used? ›
The style became a hallmark of the Victorian and Georgian eras, but their use hasn't been confined to history. Although timber sash windows are still common, the high maintenance requirements of hardwood have meant that uPVC windows have become increasingly popular.
What is the symbolism of the sash? ›
The sash is an important symbol of the continuity of the presidency, and is only worn by the president. Its value as a symbol of the office of the head of state can be compared to that of a crown in monarchies.
Did 1930s houses have sash windows? ›
1930s style homes often took inspiration from the Art Deco movement, with curved bay windows a prominent feature in many houses of the time. Architects also looked back through history for inspiration, with many 1930s houses featuring mock Tudor timbered sections and Neo-Georgian sash windows.
How can you tell how old a window is? ›
While it may not be your first thought, one of the places you can look to determine the age of your window — depending on the manufacturer — is actually the glass itself. This is because many windows feature a glass code, which should tell you both the name of the manufacturer and the manufacturing date.
How do I identify a window sash? ›
To find the sash on a standard double-hung or single hung window, look at the wooden, aluminum or vinyl casing around the glass. This casing will be stuck in the window frame and will cling to the window frame on tracks. This casing is the sash.
Do original sash windows add value? ›
Yes, sash windows significantly enhance the value of a property. The incorporation of modern timber sash windows allows for the integration of thicker double-glazing, catering to contemporary energy efficiency standards. This upgrade not only increases the property's value but also enhances its marketability.
Why do sash windows have horns? ›
In the Victorian period the trend moved away from having lots of separate panes (or lights) in each sash. As a result, the glazing bars (also known as Georgian bars) were removed and replaced with one piece of glass. Removing the bars made the frame weaker and so sash horns were added to strengthen the joints.
A box sash window is just another name for the tradition form of sash window controlled by a system of weights and cords. The weight and counterbalance mechanism is hidden from view by being built into a box at the sides of the window. Hence the name “box sash window” – now you know!
Why do sash windows have handles on the outside? ›
A sash pull handle is usually fitted to the bottom of the top sash (on the outside of the property) so the top sash can be pulled down for cleaning or ventilation. Single hung sash windows only have an openable lower sash and, therefore, a pull handle is not typically required.
When did they stop making sash windows? ›
However, their popularity was not to last. By the start of World War One hinged casem*nt windows, (windows that opened out horizontally) began to become available and the popularity of sash windows declined. This decline continued throughout the interwar years and after the second world war.
What is the oldest sash window? ›
The earliest designs were the horizontal sliding sash commonly referred to as the 'Yorkshire Sash'. The oldest known surviving sash window dated 1670, is located in Charles II's Newmarket house. Since then, the sash window has been made popular and spread by British colonisation to India, the Caribbean and America.
Should you keep sash windows? ›
Although timber sash windows are a great look for your home, when they become unusable there is not much reason to keep them. This is when you will need to start looking into possible sash window replacements.
What does the sash mean in the Bible? ›
Like the other priestly vestments, the purpose of the sash was "for glory and for beauty" (Exodus 28:41). On the Day of Atonement the High Priest changed into special linen garments that included a sash of fine linen without any embroidery (Leviticus 16:4).
What is the history of sashes? ›
Originally a sash consisted of a cloth belt used to hold a robe together and was usually tied about the waist. From this practical start sashes have developed more of a decorative nature. Now Sashes are usually worn across the shoulder to the hip rather than around the waist.
What is a traditional sash window? ›
Everything you need to know about Sash Windows
Sash windows are vertically opening windows generally associated with traditional architecture and design. A sash window consists of two framed window sashes – one positioned in front of the other. This is more specifically referred to as a sliding sash window.
