Archival Research: Advantages and Limitations (Video) (2024)

1.5: Archival Research

Some researchers gain access to large amounts of data without interacting with a single research participant. Instead, they use existing records to answer various research questions. This type of research approach is known as archival research. Archival research relies on looking at past records or data sets to look for interesting patterns or relationships. For example, a researcher might access the academic records of all individuals who enrolled in college within the past ten years and calculate how long it took them to complete their degrees, as well as course loads, grades, and extracurricular involvement. Archival research could provide important information about who is most likely to complete their education, and it could help identify important risk factors for struggling students.

In comparing archival research to other research methods, there are several important distinctions. For one, the researcher employing archival research never directly interacts with research participants. Therefore, the investment of time and money to collect data is considerably less with archival research. Additionally, researchers have no control over what information was originally collected. Therefore, research questions have to be tailored so they can be answered within the structure of the existing data sets. There is also no guarantee of consistency between the records from one source to another, which might make comparing and contrasting different data sets problematic.

This text is adapted from OpenStax, Psychology. OpenStax CNX.

Tags

Archival Research Existing Records Data Sets Experimental Purposes Public Records Databases Survey Results Social Media Information Observational Bias Data Analysis Data Collection Process

Archival Research: Advantages and Limitations (Video) (2024)

FAQs

What are the advantages of archival research? ›

One of the main benefits of using archival sources for research is that they can offer a rich and diverse range of information that may not be available elsewhere.

What are the limitations of archival studies? ›

The researcher may not be able to find the exact information they are looking for. The researcher may also not be able to find the information at all because it is not available in any archives. The researcher may also come across a biased or opinionated source.

What is one strength and one weakness of archival research? ›

What are the strengths and weaknesses of studies that rely primarily on archival research? While this can be a fairly inexpensive way to collect data that can provide insight into a number of research questions, researchers using this approach have no control on how or what kind of data was collected.

What is an example of an archival research study? ›

Examples of archival data include letters, diaries, social media platforms, maps, museum collections, corporate archives, and special collections, such as baseball statistics.

Which of the following is an advantage of archival research? ›

Which of the following is an advantage of archival research? It provides a sample of people in their natural environment. It provides a thorough, in - depth understanding of participants. Data collection is easy because data already exist.

What is the advantages and disadvantages of research? ›

Advantages of conducting research using existing data include quick access to information, reduced cost, and larger sample size. Disadvantages include the need for evaluation of accuracy and limited access to some databases. Data Sets Are Foundational to Research.

Which of the following is a problem with archival research? ›

However, archival research comes with certain limitations. Sometimes, the needed data may not exist, or if it does, it might not be in a usable state due to issues like incompleteness, poor preservation, or lack of relevance to the current research question.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of archival data studies? ›

Archival research largely relies on data that have been collected for reasons other than research. Thus, the primary disadvantage of this method is that the required data might not exist or may be unusable.

What is a disadvantage of archival research quizlet? ›

archival research disadvantages: o Biases present at data collection might influence conclusions. o Does not tell us about cause and effect. case studies: an in-depth study and detailed description of a single individual (or a very small group)

What are the limitations or weaknesses of research? ›

Limitation in research is an impact of a constraint on the research design in the overall study. They are the flaws or weaknesses in the study, which may influence the outcome of the research.

How to write strengths and limitations in research? ›

The usual practice is to place the strengths of a study ahead of the limitations. Most authors will list the strengths, beginning with a phrase such as, “Our study had several strengths,” and then briefly describing what those are.

What are the disadvantages of archiving data? ›

Archived data is not immediately available online. It has been copied, then removed from the system and stored safely offline. The media that archived data has been stored on might become obsolete, thus rendering the archive useless in the future. If there was a theft or fire, archived data might be lost.

When should you use archival research? ›

Especially if you're looking for a large amount of information or information about a large group of people, you may be able to save yourself an enormous amount of time and trouble by using archival data. Archival data may have already been processed by people with more statistical expertise.

What is the strategy of archival research? ›

In its most classic sense, archival methods are those that involve the study of historical documents; that is, documents created at some point in the relatively distant past, providing us access that we might not otherwise have to the organizations, individuals, and events of that earlier time.

What are examples of records that can be studied using archival research? ›

Provide Greater Research Opportunities. Archives—such as letters, reports, accounts, minute books, manuscripts, and photographs of people, businesses, and governments—are valuable historical documents that operate as evidence of past events.

What is an advantage to archival research Quizlet? ›

Archival research advantages : o Can be used when other types of research cannot be conducted. o Not subject to the reactivity effect. archival research disadvantages: o Biases present at data collection might influence conclusions.

Why is archiving important in research? ›

Data archives make data and related metadata available to students, researchers and other people outside the research project from which the data stems. These users can thus benefit from the data collected by other researchers and reuse them for their research or teaching purposes.

What are the benefits of archiving data? ›

The primary benefits of archiving data are:
  • Reduced cost━data is typically stored on low performance, high capacity media with lower associated maintenance and operation costs.
  • Better backup and restore performance━archiving removes data from backups, reducing their size and eliminating restoration of unnecessary files.

What are the benefits of archival description? ›

Archival description encompasses a lengthy process of providing access to collections or groups of materials, resulting in a wide variety of (often fragmented and unintegrated) find- ing aids such as registers, inventories, re- pository guides, indexes, and sometimes catalog records.

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